Inglês/Gramática/Verbos/Simple present
Present simple tense
In Portuguese, the Present Simple tense is used similarly a three Portuguese tenses: Presente Simples do Indicativo, Presente do Subjuntivo e Futuro Simples do Subjuntivo.
Uses of Present Simple
Usos do Present Simple
- We use the present simple for describes general truths, facts and scientific laws.
O present simple descreve uma verdade geral ou científica.
The earth moves round the sun. A terra move-se ao redor do sol.
- We use the present simple for habits and routines.
O present simple expressa uma ação habitual e rotinas.
- We use the present simple for things that are true and that normally happen.
- We use the present simple for future plans and schedules.
- We usually use the present simplei in jokes, anecdotes and film or book summaries.
- The present simple is also very often used in jokes and when telling a story to make the joke or story seem more immediate. This use of the present simple is sometimes called the graphic present. It is also used to retell what happens in a book or film.
*Q: A child, an honest politician, and Santa Claus all spot a $20 bill on the ground. Who picks it up? :A: The child. The other two don't exist.
*A couple is touring a graveyard when they spot a tombstone that reads "Here lies an honest man and a politician." The man says to the woman, "Look honey, there are two people in that grave."
*Q: What do you call a thousand lawyers at the bottom of the ocean? :A: A good start.
Examples of jokes from: Joke - Wikipedia
- We use the present simple for for many verbs of thinking, feeling and sensing.
This verbs are called stative verbs or 'state' verbs.
emotion: | like | want | wish | |||
mind: | agree | belive | mean | know | ||
appearance: | look like | resemble | seem | |||
possession: | belong | consist | contain | have | need | own |
perception: | see | hear | smell | taste |
See also: Stative verb - Wikpedia
Structure
Estrutura
Os verbos em inglês têm formas principais: infinitivo, passado, e particípio passado.
Positive form / Afirmativa
I | live | in London. |
You | live | in London. |
He | lives | in London. |
She | lives | in London. |
It | lives | in London. |
We | live | in London. |
You | live | in London. |
They | live | in London. |
In the positive form, we add an -s to the infinitive of third person singular.
Na conjugação da terceira pessoa do singular, nos acrescentamos de um -s a forma infinitiva do verbo.
If the verb ends in -y preceded by a consonant, change the -y to -ies.
Exceptions: When the verbs ends in -ss, sh, -ch, -z or -o, we add -es.
Exceções: Quando os verbos são terminados em -ss, sh, -ch, -z or -o, nos acrescentamos -es.
Negative long form / Negativa extensa
I | do not live | in London. |
You | do not live | in London. |
He | does not lives | in London. |
She | does not lives | in London. |
It | does not lives | in London. |
We | do not live | in London. |
You | do not live | in London. |
They | do not live | in London. |
Negative short form / Negativa contraída
I | don't live | in London. |
You | don't live | in London. |
He | doesn't lives | in London. |
She | doesn't lives | in London. |
It | doesn't lives | in London. |
We | don't live | in London. |
You | don't live | in London. |
They | don't live | in London. |
Conjugate the helping verb 'do' + not (don't and doesn't) + the base form of the verb to make negatives.
Question form / Interrogativa
Conjugate the helping verb 'do' (do or does) + the base form of the verb in question forms.
Exercises
1. Use the verb in brackets to fill the gaps.
External Links
- Exercise 1: Present simple Gap-fill exercise (Afirmative form)
- Exercise 2: Present simple Gap-fill exercise (Afirmative form)
- Exercise 3: Present simple Gap-fill exercise (Afirmative form)
- Exercise 4: Present simple - Gap-fill exercise (Negative form)
- Exercise 5: Present simple Mixed-up sentence exercise (Question form)